Mohammad Farid Budiono, a researcher from the Department of Social Development and Welfare at the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, together with Prof. Susetiawan, has published a study examining state–community relations in rural electrification in Indonesia.
The study analyzes unequal contestations between the state and local communities in the implementation of rural electrification programs. Adopting a critical perspective, it shows that energy infrastructure development does not always align with community needs, but is often shaped by power relations, negotiation processes, and the marginalization of local voices.